Bu çalışmada, yerel olmayan görüntü işleme için yeni bir yaklaşım olan yama sıralama ile seyrekleştirici dönüşümlerin birleştirilmesi önerilmektedir. Literatürde henüz yer almayan bu birleştirici yaklaşımın görüntü gürültüsü gidermede öncül algoritmalara göre daha iyi sonuç vereceği öngörülmektedir. Yukarıda sunulan ve gürültü gidermede kullanılacak yeni yaklaşımın, MR görüntü geri çatımında özyineli bir algoritma içinde kullanılması da projenin diğer bir aşamasını oluşturacaktır.

The main objectives of the project are listed below.
Objective-1: Designing reconfigurable arithmetic processing blocks that meet the desired accuracy performance criteria.
Objective-2: A methodology to achieve the desired quality performance with minimum power consumption will be developed to design the system architecture which includes the circuit blocks designed in Objective-1.
Objective-3: The parameters of the learning algorithms used in handwriting recognition will be optimized according to approximate circuits.
Objective-4: Tests in image filtering / compression and handwriting applications.

The aim of the project is to develop all aspects of a microwave imaging technology, which utilizes biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) as selective contrast agents, for early diagnosis of breast cancer.

This action proposes to carry out research in open ended contact probe (OECP) technique to lay out foundation work for development of two new applications: an automated surgical margin detection device for breast cancer treatment and an automated microwave biopsy probe for breast cancer diagnosis. While the envisioned applications require a single and highly accurate measurement, OECP technique suffers from high error and low repeatability dielectric property measurements. The error mostly stems from the current mathematical approach utilized for the dielectric property retrieval which may converge to local minimum and can magnify the measurement set-up based errors. This research will first target the existing error by proposing robust mathematical retrieval approaches. Next, application based modifications will be investigated with new probe structures. Finally, further error minimization will be achieved by introducing classification algorithms. Developed techniques will be validated with animal experiments. The outcomes of this research will greatly contribute to the innovation of new medical devices that can be utilized for breast cancer, representing one of the most commonly diagnosed cancer type among women. The researcher is well-equipped and has the required capabilities to execute the objectives of this research. The host organization and supervisors have an extensive track record in medical device development, necessary infrastructure, network, and expertise. This research will allow the researcher to become independent by extending her network, publication/grant track record, skill sets, and more importantly, through joining an innovation oriented host organization, the researcher will gain expertise in phases that enables the research to be transformed into innovation. Finally, the goal of the proposed research, building the foundation for innovation, is also in line with ‘Future and Emerging Technologies’ call of the H2020 work program.

In this Project by taking adiabatic switching reversible circuit realization as a base, a new circuit synthesis method will be developed. By using this method, 8-bit Microprocessor will be designed by considering , previously suggested test methods. The design will include a fault tolerance model by taking advantage of parity-congruity preserving gate use which will lead to the detection of multiple errors. Thus, processor will be available for on-line testing. After optimizing the design and obtaining the AMS 0.35 tapeout of the circuit, testing process will begin.

In this project, a receiver front-end is desiged for GPS and GLONASS. Final design will be compatible with other positioning systems.
Researcher: Osman Ceylan

During this project a 12bit linear Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) with 2Gsps(Giga Samples per second) will be designed in 0.13u SiGe BiCMOS process. During the course of the project the ADC will be designed, will get fabricated and tested in the lab to demonstrate functionality and performance. It will be implemented in pipeline architecture without any time interleaving. Therefore the actual converter will run at the full speed of 2Gsps. High speed and high linearity ADC chips are usually subjected to export restrictions. Therefore it is not possible to purchase such devices.
Researcher: Mustafa Berke Yelten

The FSS structure with its controllable reflection and transmission characteristics desired in this project allows it to be used in laboratories, military applications and many other usages for different purposes. The surface material which is proposed to design in this project is expected to have four different frequency behaviours such as; to block both of the indoor wireless communication frequencies (2.45, 5.8GHz ISM bands), or none of them, or in accordance with the purpose of selecting the desired band to block.
Researcher: Sedef Kent

Today, a new scheduling algorithm design for the resource allocation for third and fourth generation mobile data transmission system is needed. For this reason, development of a new scheduling algorithm to ensure effectively usage of limited resources is aimed in this project.

The main goal of this project is developing a complete synthesis and optimization methodology for switching nano-crossbar arrays that leads to the design and construction of an emerging nanocomputer. New computing models for diode, FET, and four-terminal switch based nanoarrays are developed. The proposed methodology implements both arithmetic and memory elements, necessitated by achieving a computer, by considering performance parameters such as area, delay, power dissipation, and reliability. With combination of arithmetic and memory elements a synchronous state machine (SSM), representation of a computer, is realized.

The main purpose of the proposed project is the combination of SM techniques with cooperative communication systems to design new and competitive cooperative communication systems which do not exist in the literature, as well as to theoretically analyze these systems and assess their error performance by computer simulations. Keywords: Wireless communications, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, spatial modulation (SM), cooperative communication systems, relay networks, network coding, successive relaying systems, multi-hop systems, relay selection, transmit/receive antenna selection, cognitive radio networks, spectrum

The goal of this project is to develop a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) based automated system which is able to detect the antibiotic resistant hospital infection factors of admitted patients who are evaluated as infected/colonized source categories. It is aimed that to develop equipment and supplies in the scope of Molecular Pathogen Analysis System (MOPAS) thereby, it could be possible to create a technology providing low cost and domestic production, to perform all steps automatically by MOPAS without any human intervention, to be easy to use and to interpret the results without requirement of expertise,
Ana Proje 213S135 Yürütücüsü: Dr. Mustafa KOLUKIRIK, ENGY ÇEVRE VE ENERJİ TEKNOLOJİLERİ BİYOTEKNOLOJİ ARAŞTIRMA VE GELİŞTİRME LİMİTED ŞİRKETİ

Our project aims to design a multiband frequency selective surface for the blocking of 900MHz GSM, 1800MHz GSM and 2100GHz GSM bands. Narrow, wide or multi-band frequency characteristics can be obtained by using hybrid FSS geometries. This project is aimed to design a new hybrid FSS geometry to achieve the target frequency characteristics.
Researcher: Selçuk Paker

Abstract: This project aims to develop a microwave induced thermo-acoustic imaging system (MITAT) for early diagnosis and follow-up of breast cancer. MUTAG is a technique combining contrast advantage of microwave tomography and high point resolution of ultrasonic imaging. This project cover the following studies: 1) developing novel low cost analytical and numerical methods with high resolution for thermoacoustic imaging, 2) investigating uniform illumination schemes, 3) exploring efficient spatial sampling for ultrasonic data acquisition with transducer elements, and 4) integrating MITAT system to an digital ultrasonic imaging development platform.

As current CMOS-based technology is approaching its anticipated limits, research is shifting to novel forms of nanoscale technologies including molecular-scale self-assembled systems. Unlike conventional CMOS that can be patterned in complex ways with lithography, self-assembled nanoscale systems generally consist of regular structures. Logical functions are achieved with crossbar-type switches. Our model, a network of four- terminal switches, corresponds to this type of switch in a variety of emerging technologies, including nanowire crossbar arrays and magnetic switch-based structures.

Thanks to their flexibility, compact size and immunity to electromagnetic radiation, fiber optic temperature sensors can perform robust measurements at harsh conditions. However, the temperature range, sensitivity and response time of current fiber optic based temperature sensors are limited. This project aims to combine the high sensitivity that is offered by microsystem based temperature sensors with the flexibility and electromagnetic immunity of fiber optics technology. Within this scope, a MEMS thermo-mechanical sensors will be integrated on top of a fiber optics probe, whose temperature will be acquired through diffraction grating interferometry. With its improved sensitivity and response time, the proposed temperature sensor will be particularly useful in temperature measurements during MRI procedures and laser therapy to monitor tissue temperature.

The project involves various signal processing applications (such as enhancement, source separation, direction of arrival estimation) based on recordings obtained with multiple microphones. Classical methods usually model the source and the noise signals as Gaussian stochastic processes and formulate the reconstruction as a minimization problem, using the second order statistics of the processes. Although second order statistics are sufficient for characterizing Gaussian processes, they cannot capture the more intrinsic properties of audio signals. In this project, our goal is to accommodate recent models based on spectral sparsity and modify the classical methods in order to enhance their performance.

In this project, that is prepared parallel to the technical targets of the COST IC 1104 Action, first RNC-OFDMA systems will be designed. A test platform, composed of software defined radio nodes, will be used along with simulations for design verification. Hence theoretical and simulation results can be compared with a real system and the developed algorithms can be optimized while considering other problems that may be encountered in hardware.

The main objective of this project is to exploit such PHY layer methods and techniques which have an enormous potential for optimum VLC system design enabling robust and reliable links with higher throughputs, but yet largely unexplored for deployment in optical spectral bands.

The rapid developments in electronics, especially in the last decade, have initiated the inception of electronics reliability . Conventionally used accelerated reliability tests have lost their significance; time consuming and expensive feature of these tests is against the demands of today's very rapid electronic product cycles. In this study, we propose less costly, yet accurate, reliability prediction techniques using field return data, new accelerated test methodologies, and physics of failure based simulations. We cooperate with one of the Europe’s largest household appliances companies Arçelik A.Ş..

Some studies suggest that a caricature portrait may have better rate of recognition than its photo mate. In this project, we propose a method which will yield an automated caricature to photo, sketch to photo, and/or low quality, blurred picture to photo matching. Our method will based on a set of qualitative features that we have been developing more than a year with a team of professional caricaturists. We will perform statistical learning which will yield feature weighting and help us determine an optimal subset of the features that we are studying. Additionally, we will create a caricature/photo pair recognition dataset (we are currently in the process of collecting data), release our experimental protocol and finalize our work with a working algorithm which we hope to have scientific value.

Decision making is a high order cognitive process that differentiates human-beings from other living organisms. Simple choices in our daily life, the important decisions that would change our life, all formed due to the interrelation between the same substructures of nervous system. The communication between these structures is provided either with the electrical signaling or chemical reactions due to neurotransmitter system. Any malfunctioning in these neural substructures and/or neurotransmitter system would hamper decision making process or evaluating the results of our decisions. Decision making process, evaluating the results of our decisions and learning from our faults and proper choices are all related processes.
Developing the models which are capable of solving high order cognitive problems considered in the project as human beings takes three steps. In the first step, a literature survey will be carried out to find out the subtasks to solve the problems considered and the neural structures obliged to realize these tasks. In the second step, the nonlinear dynamic systems models for these neural structures will be proposed and tested. Once the parameter values and the structure are set up by investigating the dynamic behavior of the proposed models, modular structure will be developed. In the last step, these dynamic modular structures will set up by connecting these modules in order to solve all the steps of the problems considered.

RFID technology with an increasing popularity in manufacturing, supply chain management, inventory control, etc. continues to flourish as an inherent part of virtually every ubiquitous environment. Because of its low production costs and tiny size, RFID gadgets are considered as a replacement technology for bar codes and other means of traditional identification tools. The advantage of RFID is the ability of authentication from a distance. Although authentication from distance is an advantage it brings new problems that have to be solved. These problems can be summarized as the confidentiality of the data that is sent during authentication, impersonating the authentic tags and changing of the data by unauthorized persons. Because of these problems the authentication methods used in RFID technology should be implemented securely. ...
The steps of the project can be summarized as follows: 1) Implementation of the RFID authentication protocols by using hardware/software codesign methodology. 2) Applying passive and active attacks to the implementations of the RFID security protocols by using the measurements from the commucation channel. 3) Improving the implementations if not enough the mathematical definitions of the RFID security protocols in order to be resistant againts the passive and active attacks which are applied by using the measurements from the communication channel. 4) Applying side-channel attacks to the implementations of the tag and reader by using the timing, power consumption and electromagnetic radiations. 5) Improving the implementations of the tag and reader in order to be resistant against side-channel attacks. Read more...

Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed types of cancer among the women in the world. Digital Breast Tomosynthesis is an innovative imaging modality that provides 3D reconstructed images of breast to detect the breast cancer. Missing data in DBT projections that arises due to the limited view angle imaging geometry of the modality causes severe artifacts in the reconstructed images. We developed advanced reconstruction algorithms considering the limitations of the currently available methods and breast tomosynthesis imaging modality. We compared our methods with the existing methods using both simulated data and real data obtained from Hologic breast tomosynthesis imaging system and superiority of the proposed methods over the existing methods has been shown. This project is the first study in this field in our country.

Dyadic wavelet transforms provide atoms that are feasible for representing piecewise smooth signals. However, numerous types of 1-dimensional signals, such as audio, EEG, ECG show oscillatory behavior and cannot be characterized as piecewise smooth. For such signals, transforms with a finer frequency resolution are more suitable. In this project, we aim to develop applications of our recently proposed rational dilation wavelet transform to audio signals.

A 4 kg nano satellite, which includes a VHF-UHF transponder, was designed and was launched from China. Its altitude is around 700km.
TurkSat-3USat is a 3U CubeSat, the first communication nanosatellite mission of ITU (Istanbul Technical University), Istanbul, Turkey. TurkSat-3USat is a follow-up project based on the ITUpSat-1 (Istanbul Technical University PicoSatellite-1) mission which was launch on Sept. 23, 2009. ITUpSat-1 is operating nominally in 2012. The TurkSat-3USat project was started in 2010 read more...

A current steering Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) is the enabling integrated circuit for high-speed waveform generation, with key applications such as UMTS cellular base stations, DOCSIS compliant digital TV broadcast, and RF test equipment. There is continuous demand for higher speed and higher resolution DACs that can generate waveforms at higher output frequencies with good linearity. The most important linearity metric of a high speed DAC is Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR), and other measures such as Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) or Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) depend on SFDR. Even with the state of the art DACs, SFDR drops very fast with increasing output frequency. Best 16- bit, high-speed DACs can achieve 95 dB SFDR at Fout = 1MHz, however, SFDR drops to less than 70 dB at Fout > 100 MHz. To generate more accurate waveforms at high frequencies, it is crucial to identify, understand and address the dynamic error mechanisms of DACs. In a nutshell, the project proposal consists of identification, avoidance and elimination of dynamic error mechanisms, demonstrated by a 16-bit, 2 Giga-sample-per-second (GSPS) DAC, on a 0.18u CMOS process.

In this project, we investigate one of the most essential issues of adaptive antenna systems: the estimation of angles of arrival (AOA) for OFDM systems and its utilization in location estimation and development of location based services. Our objective is to design location estimation methodology for obtaining location estimates with high resolution in MC systems. In our work, we use basis selection (BS) algorithms, namely the matching pursuit (MP) family of algorithms for AOA and location estimation, by exploiting the sparsity property of AOA for OFDM.

In order to meet the challenge of future generations of broadband access technology, and to provide a wide range of high quality enhanced and integrated services with higher and higher data rates, the international standardization organization, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), initiated its Long Term Evolution (LTE) standardization work at the end of 2004 as a part of the GSM evolutionary path beyond 3G, following EDGE, UMTS/WCDMA and HSPA. LTE is expected to address market needs of the next decade. Moreover operators might deploy fourth generation (4G) networks using LTE as foundation. The main targets for this evolution concern retaining 3GPP's strengths in mobile communication technology, filling the gap between 3G and 4G mobile communication technologies and maintaining the benefits of spectrum resources by utilizing the spectrum allocated to 3G mobile communication systems.

Video fingerprinting systems have broad applications ranging from content monitoring on broadcast channels to filtering on P2P networks and preventing content copy attempts. In the project, a video fingerprinting algorithm which can uniquely detect a part or whole of the video clip is proposed. This algorithm extracts discriminating features, called fingerprints that uniquely identify a video or a fragment of video. In the proposed method, hash functions coding the differences amongst the neighboring blocks of successive video frames from basis and encoding matrices obtained in NMF space are constructed and indexed. The robustness of the fingerprint extraction method to both linear distortions (compression, frame rate changes, noise, gamma distortions, etc.) and geometrical transformations (mirroring, shifting, logo addition, cropping, rescaling, etc.) is tested with TRECVID video clips and presented in TRECVID group meetings on 2010 and 2011. Copy detection performance of the system is reported considering the precision and recall results. Considering these results, it has been observed that the proposed video fingerprint extraction and retrieval system is robust against severe global attacks while robust up to some point to geometric attacks.

"In this project, new methods based on integral equations are investigated in order to determine the electromagnetic parameters of inhomogeneous materials loaded in a waveguide. In the first approach which is a Newton based one, the nonlinear system of integral equations are solved by linearization. The second method is called contrast source inversion (CSI) which is based on the minimization of error terms related to integral equations, simultaneously. Both methods are first tested by numerical data within a very large perspective where the effects of several system parameters to the solution is analyzed in details. Furthermore the solution of forward scattering problem is compared with the results of different numerical techniques and special electromagnetic scattering softwares as well."

This poject is based on the study and performance improvements of the four class of circuit structures and the study of a fifth circuit structure is also considered in the subsequent stages of the project. In the first stage of the project, the simple circuit structure and the frequency dependent lossy artificial line structure are considered and using the theoretical and simulation results thus obtained, detailed analysis of the other circuit structures are performed in the second stage of the project. During the project studies, different steps of the implementation of various circuits on two different processes, one being integrated circuit process, the other being MMIC process are considered; all these works improve and strengthen the knowledge obtained during the project works.

In this project, research on new techniques improving even further the performance of cooperative diversity systems, new system designs on the improved techniques, and both theoretical and simulation analysis of new designs, are aimed. The project comprises four main work packages. In the first work package, the relay systems are analyzed and designed under the assumption of “cascaded fading channel” and it is shown that the error performance can be significantly improved through the use of distributed space-time coding and turbo coding techniques. The second work package, which consists of two sub work packages, deals with the use of multidimensional modulation schemes in cooperative systems. The continuous-phase and FSK/PSK modulations are applied to the cooperative communication in the first and second sub work packages, respectively. In this fashion, possible alternative novel techniques to PSK are explored for a number of applications in cooperative diversity. In the third work package, new procedures improving the performance of cooperative systems using feedback information are investigated. This work package comprises two sub work packages as well and the applications of balanced space-time coding along with relay selection to cooperative diversity and the use of quantized precoder matrices are realized in the first and second sub work packages, respectively. In the fourth work package, “modulation diversity” is merged with cooperative diversity and component interleaved space-time codes are designed for cooperative communication. Thus, it is shown that the diversity gains obtained through classical means can be further increased.

A side-channel attack (SCA) takes advantage of implementation specific characteristics to recover the secret parameters involved in the computation. n a side-channel attack, the adversary uses the standard functionality of the cryptographic device. The physical and/or electrical effects of the functionality of the device are then used for the attack. If these effects unintentionally deliver information about the key which is used inside the device, then they deliver side-channel information and are called side-channels. SCAs are divided in four groups according to the side-channel information that they exploit: Timing, power consumption, electromagnetic radiation, sound. New side-channel attack methods and countermeasures are being proposed continuously. In this project symmetric and public key cryptosystems have been implemented in software and hardware with countermeasures against side-channel attacks. One of the aims of this project was to integrate the simulation of the side effect of the system to the design flow. After completing the implementation of the systems while they function normally side-channel attacks was implemented on them and resistant of the implementations was tested. The success of the SCAs depends on mostly the side channel model of the device under attack. In the literature a model which only considers the 0 to 1 transition of the registers and ignores the combinational part of the circuit is used. In this project side channel models for some processors used was developed by including some effects like the load capacitance, the length of the line to which the gate’s output is connected, etc.

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In this project we have proposed a cellular neural network which is able to generate spatiotemporal waves. It has been shown that the network is able to generate nonlinear spatiotemporal waves. Analog and digital design of the network have been implemented. Spatiotemporal waves have been observed on the implemented networks. Path planning algorithms based on spatiotemporal waves have been developed and using these algorithms, novel methods have been developed for the robot navigation problem in two and tree dimensional space. The proposed algorithm which uses the spatiotemporal wave generated by the digital implementation of the proposed network has been tested with real robots in real-time. An algorithm based on the proposed one has been developed for non-static target and dynamically changing environment and it has been successfully tested. The project has been completed successfully.

Chaos which was a concept familiar to only a few number of researchers at the beginning of the 20th century, has today many applications in various fields· of electronic engineering. System identification, solving optimization problems, brain function analysis, secure communication, cryptography, noise-generators and binary random number generators are among these applications. Obviously, the most important part of any chaotic system employed in these applications is a high performance chaos generator. On the other hand, because of increasing demand of electronic official & financial transactions, the need for information secrecy and cryptography has raised. Almost all. cryptographic systems require a random number generator which generates unpredictable data. As a result of this, new IC solutions for true random number generation are required. Following up in this direction, in the first phase of this project, we have focused on the IC realization of an high-performance chaotic oscillator. To this end, new chaotic circuits are obtained. As a result of the detailed simulations and experimental tests, two of these circuits are in a standard CMOS IC process. Experimental results of the fabricated chip verifying theoretical predictions are presented.

In this study a novel hardware and software infrastructure which will save the underwater ambient noise of Istanbul Strait is designed and an operating system is established. Underwater ambient noise records which are collected with the established system is analyzed using both traditional and original methods and the noise model of the Bosporus is studied. In addition, a data base for future works is established by storing the data in high-capacity drives.

In this project we have developed a digital audio content identification system that enables on-line monitoring of multiple radio/TV channels. The proposed system consists of two main modules: "Digital audio watermarking" module and "audio fingerprinting" module. In order to obtain high identification accuracy, spread spectrum techniques will be used in the design of the modules. The designed watermark (WM) encoder is a nonlinear data adaptive system that minimizes false alarm ratio by adaptively controlling the Watermark-to-Signal Ratio. Furthermore the conventional correlator decoder is modified in such a way that integrating synchronization and WM extraction into one processing step resulting in an on-line decoding scheme suitable to audio broadcast monitoring. Unlike the existing systems, a classifier-based WM decoder that models audio watermark decoding as a three class classification problem is also introduced. This allows not only extraction of embedded watermark bits but also discrimination of unwatermarked audio clips.